
The first five years of life are a critical period for the development of the oral and gut microbiomes, which interact with nutrition, immunity, growth, and disease risk. CHAMP-2 is an extension of the Child Health And Microbiome Development Study, a longitudinal birth cohort established in rural Pakistan. The study follows approximately 220 mother-children pairs across multiple rural communities in District Swat, Pakistan, integrating microbiome, nutrition, health, and developmental data. Findings from CHAMP-2 will support evidence-based approaches to improve child health in resource-limited settings.